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The Department for Education has undertaken a review of air cleaning devices likely to be suitable for use in schools, and associated costs, to support a centralised procurement strategy. This information was therefore utilised to assist in building up our cost assumptions.

Only a small number of local authorities in Scotland have to date chosen to utilise air cleaning devices, in a very small number of problematic spaces as a temporary measure.

The foremost reason for us enhancing ventilation during the COVID-19 pandemic is to ensure schools are as safe as possible for children, young people and staff.

However, we are aware that good air quality should also contribute to enhancing children’s cognitive function of learning in education environments.

We have not asked local authorities to undercut doors in schools, nor was £300,000 provided to them specifically for these purposes.

My letter to the Education, Children and Young People Committee setting out the example scenario was not guidance, and has not been issued to local authorities. It was a response to a request from the Committee to provide more detail on how costings had been arrived at. The letter stated:

“In order to calculate the £5m schools/ELC ventilation fund, we have assumed an example set of remedial measures which could be taken for each problematic space although this will vary depending on local decisions.”

and

“ It is very important to note that these costs will of course vary significantly in practice, as the precise remedial measures used in each problematic space should be informed by local circumstances and expert assessment by local authority teams .”

Local authorities are fully aware that they should undertake any remedial work in line with Scottish Government guidance on ventilation and expert input. Our guidance already makes clear that when implementing any Covid-safety measures, local authorities must continue to adhere to legal obligations with regard to health and safety, including fire safety. It is of course for local authorities as duty holders to ensure appropriate consultation with all relevant authorities when undertaking works in school buildings.

My letter to the Committee stated explicitly:

“In order to calculate the £5m schools/ELC ventilation fund, we have assumed an example set of remedial measures which could be taken for each problematic space although this will vary depending on local decisions.”

and

“ It is very important to note that these costs will of course vary significantly in practice, as the precise remedial measures used in each problematic space should be informed by local circumstances and expert assessment by local authority teams .”

An undercut of a door was therefore clearly indicated as only one element of an example set of remedial measures used to calculate the up-to-£5m fund.

All local authorities have been informed of their potential allocations from the up-to-£5 million fund. Our funding letter makes clear that remedial action should be undertaken in line with guidance on ventilation, with problematic spaces prioritised for action.

Once remedial action in priority spaces has been prioritised, funding can also be used to further support CO2 monitoring requirements, or to undertake other remedial work on ventilation.

Our guidance on ventilation for schools, updated most recently in December 2021, indicates that problematic spaces are where readings above 1500ppm are persistent despite mitigation measures being taken. Areas of high aerosol activity may use 800ppm as the threshold for high CO2 concentration.

Ventilation is a complex issue requiring, among other things, ongoing monitoring and management. For example, changes in room use or weather conditions can result in assessments of air quality changing over time, requiring fresh remedial action.

The Scottish Government has agreed formal reporting requirements regarding the number of remaining problematic spaces with local authorities. We will provide an update to the Education, Children and Young People Committee in due course, subject to receipt of local authority returns.

Ventilation has been an important feature of our Reducing Risks in Schools guidance since October 2020. This guidance has been regularly updated in line with the latest expert advice.

Local authorities have undertaken a range of work to improve ventilation in schools in line with guidance and expert advice over the course of the pandemic. This work was initially supported with £90 million of Scottish Government funding for Covid logistics that could be used for a range of purposes including ventilation. A further £10 million of Scottish Government funding specifically for ventilation and CO2 monitoring in schools and ELC settings was provided to local authorities at the start of the new academic year in 2021.

A commitment was provided to local authorities to continue discussions regarding the need for any further funding to ensure effective action on ventilation could continue to be taken. The First Minister announced on 11 January that additional capital funding of up to £5 million would be made available to local authorities to support any further urgent remedial work that is needed to ensure good ventilation in schools and ELC settings.

While the site continues to operate on the basis of the current operational functions there is no cause to look towards any environmental remediation. As outlined in the previous answer, any environmental remediation follows in a situation where operational licences are being handed back and are dealt with on a regulatory basis. The polluter pays principles are used to ensure that the land can be remediated to another purpose if this is required. When dealing with potentially contaminated land through either the development planning system, or if voluntary remediation is undertaken, it is for the developer or landowner to investigate and assess the extent of contamination and undertake any remediation that would be required. These remain hypothetical scenarios as the current site is operating and continuing to produce steel.

I refer the member to the answer to question S6W-05818 on 2 February 2022. All answers to written Parliamentary Questions are available on the Parliament's website, the search facility for which can be found at https://www.parliament.scot/chamber-and-committees/written-questions-and-answers

The Scottish Government is committed to ensuring that robust child protection measures are in place across Scotland. To fulfil this commitment the Scottish Government has ongoing engagement through a variety of fora with statutory public bodies, Commissioners and other key stakeholders to identify any issues in relation to child protection policies, processes and procedures and resolved collaboratively.

The following issues have been raised in the last 12 months:

• Bairns’ Hoose and the Scottish Child Interview Model for Joint Investigative Interviews: Partnership working on the development of these initiatives including collaboratively resolving issues as they arise.
•  Coronavirus: The operation and continued need for Coronavirus (Scotland) 2020 Act provisions relating to Child Protection Orders, Child Assessment Orders and other aspects of Children’s Hearings processes. The use of other flexibilities and streamlining of certain requirements detailed in the Coronavirus (COVID-19): supplementary national child protection guidance Adaptations to local child protection responses and learning from earlier stages of the pandemic which informed the updating of this guidance.
• Domestic abuse: Support and protection for children experiencing domestic abuse, with a focussed discussion at the Children and Families Collective Leadership Group and follow up cross-Government engagement and action.
• Education: The role of the General Teaching Council for Scotland (GTCS) in sharing information about child protection concerns, with follow up engagement with GTCS planned.
• Human trafficking and exploitation: Reviewing the application of Lord Advocate’s Instructions for Prosecutors when considering Prosecution of Victims of Human Trafficking and Exploitation . The Scottish Government worked closely with the Crown Office and Procurator Fiscal Service, the Office of the Children and Young People's Commissioner Scotland, Police Scotland and Scottish Prison Service to assess the application of the instructions in cases where individuals may have been victims of trafficking or exploitation.
• Implementation of the National Guidance for Child Protection in Scotland 2021 : National resources and action to support local implementation with discussion and decisions on next steps taken by the National Child Protection Guidance Implementation Steering Group.
• Online safety: Developing a Scottish response to the UK Government’s draft Online Safety Bill, working closely with the Crown Office and Procurator Fiscal Service, Ofcom, the Office of the Children and Young People's Commissioner Scotland and Police Scotland on the devolved implications and agreeing where the legislation needs to go further to ensure children are as safe as possible when using the internet.
• Orkney: Progress in addressing areas for improvement identified during the 2019 joint inspection of services for children and young people in need of care and protection in Orkney, with follow up engagement with the Care Inspectorate, Healthcare Improvement Scotland and the Orkney Partnership.
• Unaccompanied Asylum Seeking Children: Working closely with the Convention of Scottish Local Authorities, the Office of the Children and Young People's Commissioner Scotland and Social Work Scotland on the UK Government’s decision to mandate the National Transfer Scheme; and the child welfare implications arising from the Nationality and Borders Bill, particularly changes to how Unaccompanied Asylum Seeking Children have their ages assessed. This work has underpinned the decision of the Social Justice Cabinet Secretary to lodge a Legislative Consent Memorandum recommending that consent be withheld in relation to two clauses Bill.

The Dalzell Steelworks were owned for a short period of time by the Scottish Government to assist in the facilitation of the transfer of ownership of the Steelworks between TATA Steel UK and Liberty House.