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The Scottish Government is supporting initiatives on marine and coastal litter and expects local authorities and other bodies to continue to work together to take action to tackle the problem.

The Marine (Scotland) Bill includes proposals for a new system of marine planning including new powers to define Scottish marine regions for which a local marine plan should be prepared in consultation with stakeholders. The proposals also include provisions for the co-ordination of plans covering the terrestrial and marine environment. These proposals provide an opportunity for better consideration of beach and marine litter issues where necessary.

Existing legislation in Scotland is amongst the toughest in Europe. A person who is caught littering is, if the case goes to court, liable to a fine of up to £2,500. Alternatively, the person may be offered the opportunity to pay a fixed penalty fine, the level of which is £50.

Police officers and designated local authority officers have the power to issue fixed penalty notices to those who litter. However, as independent bodies, whether local authorities empower officials to issue notices and whether police forces exercise their powers, is entirely up to them. They are encouraged to do so by the Scottish Government.

The Code of Practice on Litter and Refuse (COPLAR) provides practical guidance on the use of the litter enforcement powers contained in the act. COPLAR website, operated by the independent environmental charity Keep Scotland Beautiful (KSB), provides guidance on the issuing of fixed penalty fines. The information can be found at http://www.littercode.org/index.asp?pg=41.

The Environmental Protection Act 1990 (the act) places a duty on various bodies to clear litter from their land. For many beaches the duty body is the local authority. However, as independent organisations how they fulfil that duty and with what resources is for each local authority to determine, provided they meet the standards in the Code of Practice on Litter and Refuse (COPLAR).

COPLAR provides practical guidance on the discharge of duties imposed on Scottish local authorities and other duty bodies by the act to keep specified land clear of litter and refuse.

COPLAR was published by Scottish ministers in December 2006 following a revision of the litter and fly tipping provisions of the act. COPLAR helps to explain who has a duty to clean public places, what their responsibility is, how individuals can tell if a place is clean, and what to do if you don''t think public places are of an acceptable standard in terms of litter and fly tipping.

Major amendments to the code included a greater focus on beach cleansing standards and guidance on issuing fixed penalty notices. Further information, including an electronic copy of COPLAR is available from http://www.littercode.co.uk/.

This website is operated by the independent environmental charity Keep Scotland Beautiful.

However that the duty to clean beaches extends only to above the high water mark and litter from ships and marine installations is the responsibility of the UK Government.

Scottish Government provides funding to the independent environmental charity Keep Scotland Beautiful (KSB).

KSB carries out surveys of all award winning beaches each summer for cleanliness in line with the Environmental Protection Act 1990 and the Code of Practice on Litter and Refuse (COPLAR).

There are four standards of beach cleanliness. These are: cleanliness grade A (no litter or refuse), cleanliness grade B (predominantly free of litter), cleanliness grade C (consistent distribution of litter and refuse) and cleanliness grade D (heavily littered with significant accumulations). Beaches should achieve at least a grade B at all times. When they drop below this standard they must be returned to at least a grade B within a set timescale. Further information about the cleanliness standards and the timescales is available from the COPLAR website operated by KSB www.littercode.org.

The Less Favoured Area Support Scheme (LFASS) payments for 2007-09 were calculated on certain frozen LFASS 2006 historic values, including grazing categories. For LFASS 2010, it is the intention to rebase using 2008 data. The precise detail of how this rebasing is to be done has still to be decided and will form part of the discussions within the technical working group.

In principle, the Scottish Government intends that all agricultural activity will be taken into account in the new activity rules. However, the detailed rules have still to be drawn up and this will be one of several issues to be discussed by members of the technical working group.

The first meeting was held on 16 July 2009, and the detailed rules will need to be finalised by the beginning of 2010.

My officials have written to all members of the Less Favoured Area (LFA) stakeholders group inviting them to join a small technical working group to discuss detailed rules for the future of the Less Favoured Area Support Scheme (LFASS). The following organisations have accepted the invitation: NFU Scotland, Scottish Rural Property Business Association (SRPBA), Scottish Natural Heritage (SNH), Environmental Link, National Sheep Association (NSA), Scottish Crofting Foundation (SCF), Scottish Beef Cattle Association (SBCA), and National Beef Association (NBA) Scotland.

The future of the Less Favoured Area Support Scheme (LFASS) post-2010 has already been subject to a full public consultation. Following an analysis of the consultation responses, it was the consensus view that LFASS payments must be linked to activity. At the combined CAP/LFASS stakeholder meeting held on 16 June, it was agreed that a small technical working group would be set up. The purpose of this group will be for members to look closely at the more detailed rules of the scheme, including a definition of the active farming requirement.

Many bodies have concerns about the consequences of depletion of our valuable biodiversity and natural resources. There is general agreement that, while significant improvements have been achieved, EU member states will not achieve the ambitious target adopted by the European Union to halt the loss of biodiversity by 2010. The Scottish Government is however committed to delivering policies within the context of the National Performance Framework which will lead to continuing improvements in the state of Scotland''s biodiversity; non-governmental organisations and private sector representatives are partners with the public sector in taking forward actions under the Scottish Biodiversity Strategy.

The Scottish Government is also continuing to work with the UK authorities in contributing to international debate on measures to address global biodiversity loss in the lead up to the 2010 Nagoya Conference of Parties on the UN Convention on Biological Diversity.