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Under the Sewerage (Scotland) Act 1968 Scottish Water has the public drainage duty and is responsible for the drainage of foul flows and rainwater run-off (surface water) from roofs and any paved ground surface within the property boundary for normal rainfall events. It should be noted that the majority of the public sewer network across Scotland is a “combined sewer” network which takes both foul flows and surface water into a single pipe. The current drainage systems serve our towns and cities well for the majority of rainfall events. However, below-ground piped systems have a fixed capacity, which means that during severe rainfall events, flooding can occur because the capacity of some or several parts of the drainage system is exceeded. Climate change and increasing areas of impermeable surfaces (also known as urban creep) means that more rainwater is currently entering the sewerage network than it was designed for in a number of places.

The complex nature of flooding across Scotland, with many agencies responsible for different aspects of the flooding, sewerage and drainage systems in communities, means that a partnership approach is vital for reducing the risk of flooding. As a ‘responsible authority’ under the Flood Risk Management Scotland Act 2009, Scottish Water will continue to work with local authorities who have a responsibility for roads drainage as well as being the designated Flood Authority, managing the risk of flooding from surface water. The main platform to achieve surface water management will be through the development of Surface Water Management Plans (SWMP) which are required to be developed for areas which have been identified as having a high risk of surface water flooding through the SEPA Flood Risk Management Plans.

These plans will then inform future investment strategies and decisions for the relevant organisations to ensure a co-ordinated approach is taken forward across each Local Authority area.

Of course, over 36,000 sewer blockages a year are caused by customers flushing inappropriate items such as wet wipes; these blockages will also result in flooding. Scottish Water has launched its Nature Calls campaign to raise awareness of the issues and call for a ban on wipes containing plastic. Further information is available at https://www.scottishwater.co.uk/About-Us/News-and-Views/2022/02/230222-Nature-Calls-Launch-NEW .

We aim to ensure the arrangements in place covering spending decisions on flood risk management are transparent.

In 2016, agreement was reached between Scottish Ministers and COSLA on a new strategic funding plan for flood protection schemes. The agreement guarantees that until 2026 the level of flooding capital grant in the local government settlement is set at a minimum of £42 million per annum. A further £150 million for flood risk management was confirmed in 2020. Support to local authorities in a given year is included in the Scottish Budget that is considered and approved by the Scottish Parliament. The annual allocations are set out in the relevant Local Government Finance Circulars.

The Flood Risk Management (Scotland) Act 2009 provides the framework for effective management of flood risk. In January 2022, SEPA published 14 regional Flood Risk Management Plans (FRMP) for the period 2022-2028. Approved by Scottish Ministers, they have been prepared in collaboration with all 32 local authorities, Scottish Water and other organisations with a responsibility or interest in managing flooding. They have also been shaped in consultation with the public.

These plans complement the separate local flood risk management plans that will be published later this year. The local plans will explain in more detail how the actions set out in the 14 FRMPs will be delivered. They are published by the local authority who is nominated as the lead local authority for the Local Plan District.

These arrangements give local authorities the certainty they need to deliver the broad range of actions set out in the regional and local plans, recognising local needs and priorities.

The Energy Sector which includes resilience of the electricity network is reserved and the responsibility of the UK Government.

The Scottish Government works closely with the UK Government, electricity network operators and owners to ensure Scotland’s energy networks are resilient to a variety of risks, including flooding and other climate change related factors.

In 2020, we published the ‘Keeping Scotland Running’ Guidance Suite, which seeks to support the delivery of Scotland’s Critical Infrastructure Resilience (CIR) Strategy. This Guidance Suite comprises seven separate guidance documents designed to equip and enable CIR stakeholders to work together to build resilience across the critical infrastructure sectors in Scotland. Two of these guides specifically look at Building Resilience to Natural Hazards and Building Resilience to Climate Change (Adaption).

The National Planning Framework 3 (NPF3) and Scottish Planning Policy (SPP) also contain planning policies on managing flood risk and drainage. This includes specific policies which deal with the development management and development planning aspects of managing flood risk.

Our approach to building resilience to the impacts of climate change more widely is set out in the statutory Scottish Climate Change Adaptation Programme 2019-2024. One of the high level outcomes the Programme is structured around is that “Our society’s supporting systems are resilient to climate change”.

Dry powder inhalers(DPIs) make up 33% of the total in Scotland in primary care. In the last financial year (2020/2021), there were 4.5 million metered dose and 2.3 million dry powdered packs prescribed and dispensed via primary care and we have not seen a clear trend of those numbers changing and inverting.

Effectiveness of a powdered drug depends on a number of factors, including the inspiratory flow rate generated by the patient. For a significant proportion of patents, making the switch to a DPI will be successful, however, for some a DPI will not be suitable e.g. those with significantly impaired breathing. We would advocate regular medication reviews between the patient and GP at which time consideration should be given to switching to a DPI if deemed suitable for the individual patient’s circumstances

We recognise that hydrofluorocarbons used as propellant in metered dose inhalers prescribed for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) can have a global warming potential of 1430 or 3220 times greater than CO2 depending on the type of gas used. Reducing the environmental impact of these inhalers is a priority.

A draft NHS Scotland Climate Emergency and Sustainability Strategy was published on 10 November 2021 and the consultation closed on 10 March 2022. This sets out the Scottish Government’s intention to publish an updated Scottish Quality Respiratory Prescribing guide which will focus on minimising patient over-use of inhalers through review and improving patient outcomes, using propellant free options where possible.

Other actions within the draft strategy include encouraging manufacturers to make inhalers with lower emissions and to support inhaler return to pharmacy schemes to help patients dispose of their used inhalers in a more environmentally friendly way.

In the Programme for Government for 2019-20, the Scottish Government committed to establishing a national body with responsibility for the oversight of the design, construction and maintenance of major infrastructure developments within NHS Scotland. The new body, NHS Scotland Assure, is hosted by NHS National Services Scotland and was launched on 1 June 2021. From that date, all NHS Board projects that require review and approval from the NHS Capital Investment Group (CIG) have to be reviewed by NHS Scotland Assure through its key stage assurance review process. Further information on the assurance can be found here: Key Stage Assurance Reviews (KSAR) | National Services Scotland (nhs.scot)

Information on COVID-19 related hospital admissions is routinely collected and reported by Public Health Scotland (PHS) and is not held centrally by the Scottish Government.

Since January 2019, Scottish Government ministers have not had any meetings with DP World. In the same timeframe, no Scottish Government officials have had meetings with DP World.

On my recent ministerial visit to Dubai, I requested to meet with DP World in order to raise with them our serious concerns about the recent behaviour of P&O Ferries. They did not respond to this request, therefore no meeting took place.

The Scottish Government has no plans to introduce legislation to sanction residential park owners who do not supply timely and fully completed written statements to their residents. The Mobile Homes Act 1983 states that if the owner has failed to give the occupier a written statement, the occupier may apply to the court for an order requiring the owner to give him a written statement.

The Scottish Government fully appreciates that many students are facing higher energy bills and increased financial hardship as a consequence of the current cost of living crisis.

Over £37 million of hardship funding has been provided to colleges and universities by the Scottish Government since June 2021. These funds are available for colleges and universities to use up until 31 July 2022.

Students in further or higher education currently experiencing financial hardship should apply to their college or university for support from Discretionary Funds. I wrote to college and university principals last month asking them to continue to prioritise the allocation of hardship funds to those students most in need, and to take account of the impact of rising energy bills.

The Scottish Government has also recently announced a £350 uplift to the undergraduate student loan package from 2022-23. This represents the first step in delivering our manifesto commitment to provide student support equivalent to the living wage over the next three years. This increase ensures that the most disadvantaged students in higher education will receive bursary and loan support of up to £8,100.

We recognise that, given the long-term investment horizons of insurance firms, reforms to Solvency II could enable the release of more productive investment into the economy which can be utilised to boost low-carbon infrastructure and achieve climate pledges. It is imperative, however, that the proper safeguards for the insurance sector within the existing Solvency II regime are maintained.

Through Scotland’s Global Capital Investment Plan and our Green Investment Portfolio, which brings together projects worth £3 billion, we are well positioned to attract investment in low-carbon investments that the industry has stated could be released by reforms to Solvency II. It will also be important for Scotland - as a major hub for the insurance and long-term savings industry - to ensure that the UK regime aligns where appropriate and keeps pace with the approach being taken by the European Union, particularly in relation to impacts on commercial (re)insurers with European platforms.

Ultimately, the regulation of financial services is reserved to Westminster and we await the full detail of the HM Treasury proposed reforms. We do note that the Economic Secretary to the Treasury has claimed the pending reforms will be an area for Brexit opportunity which will unlock tens of billions of pounds of investment by "slashing red tape.” The experience of Scottish businesses to date has shown that Brexit has not reduced “red tape” and instead has been the direct cause of trade friction, additional checks and bureaucracy and increased administration costs. Whilst we do welcome the ambition to release greater levels of capital for infrastructure and green investment, it appears that, in light of the European Commission’s recent proposals for amendments to the Solvency II Directive and for a new Insurance Recovery and Resolution Directive which promises to release 90bn of insurers’ capital for investment in the short term, similar benefits could have been achieved within the EU regime.