Seòmar agus comataidhean

I refer the member to the answer to question S6W-15654 on14 March 2023. All answers to written Parliamentary Questions are available on the Parliament's website, the search facility for which can be found at https://www.parliament.scot/chamber-and-committees/written-questions-and-answers

I refer the member to the answer to question S6W-15654 on 14 March 2023. All answers to written Parliamentary Questions are available on the Parliament's website, the search facility for which can be found at https://www.parliament.scot/chamber-and-committees/written-questions-and-answers

The Scottish Government is aware of the UN Committee’s General Comment and is taking seriously concerns that 16- and 17-year-olds may need more protection.

Clearly, all marriages and civil partnerships should be entered into with full consent of both parties. There is existing legislative provision against forced marriage.

We are currently gathering views from stakeholders on the minimum age for marriage.

Increasing the minimum age could be argued to increase safeguards for young people but such a change could also be seen as removing their right to marry or to enter a civil partnership.

We understand from National Records of Scotland that fewer than 30 people aged 16 or 17 entered a registered marriage in 2019. The Scottish Government appreciates there could be concerns about unregistered marriages, which are not governed by the Marriage (Scotland) Act 1977. We would need to consider what impact raising the minimum legal age would have on unregistered marriages.

Scotland leads the way in the delivery of affordable housing across the UK, and we have committed to delivering 110,000 affordable homes by 2032, of which at least 70% will be available for social rent. Enabling continued investment in the delivery of high-quality social housing is therefore crucial. Social sector representatives have set out that the current cost crisis poses an enormous threat to this progress, with inflation rates having a far greater impact on the poorest 10% of the population, and living standards and real incomes expected to fall across the UK. The volatility of the economic environment also has significant consequences for housing associations, and the services they provide to tenants.

The Scottish Government has therefore been clear from the introduction of the Cost of Living (Tenant Protection) (Scotland) Act 2022 that we want to work with the social rented sector to seek an agreed way forward as an alternative to the continuation of the Act’s rent cap beyond March 2023.

The outcome of discussions led by COSLA, in respect of local authorities, and the Scottish Federation of Housing Associations (SFHA) and Glasgow and West of Scotland Forum of Housing Associations for Registered Social Landlords, has reached an agreed position with their members that would see increases of 6.4% and 6.1% respectively, as an average across Scotland.

The agreement of an average figure, rather than a fixed cap, is only possible due to the nature of the social rented sector and the opportunity to reach agreement with sector representative bodies. This approach has the advantage of allowing a degree of flexibility to recognise social landlords' priorities for investment such as new supply, refurbishment and services to tenants. We anticipate that the majority of rents will be increased at a level below the agreed 6.4% (for local authority landlords) and 6.1% (for registered social landlords) but there may be some social sector landlords who will, for specific reasons, go beyond these levels. This approach recognises that in some cases tenant feedback to the statutory rent consultations may be in favour of an increase higher than the overall averages agreed, for example to allow planned improvements or maintenance to proceed.

The Scottish Housing Regulator is monitoring and collating social sector rental data presently, and will report in due course.

To respond to the emergency situation caused by the impact of the cost crisis on those living in the rented sector, the Cost of Living (Tenant Protection) (Scotland) Act 2022 introduced a temporary, variable rent cap, initially set at 0% and in place until 31 March 2023.

Our recently published first report to Parliament on the emergency Cost of Living Act, and Statement of Reasons , provided updated economic evidence demonstrating the continued pressure being placed on private rented households due to the ongoing cost crisis. In light of this, the Scottish Government have brought forward regulations to extend the rent cap for the private rented sector for a further six months, along with the moratorium on enforcing evictions – which will continue to apply across all sectors.

While the focus of the emergency measures continues to be on protecting tenants, the Scottish Government recognises that the ongoing impacts of the cost crisis may also be being experienced by some private landlords. Mortgage interest rates, which had been on an upward trend since the end of 2021, experienced a further sharp increase after the UK Government Growth Plan / Mini-budget on 23 September 2022. The average advertised five-year fixed rate rose from 4.75% on 23 September to 6.51% on 20 October, before falling to 5.95% on 22 November.

The Scottish Government is of the view that it would therefore be proportionate to raise the rent cap in the private rented sector to allow within-tenancy rent increases of up to 3% from 1 April.

The voluntary approach to rent setting taken by landlords in the social sector is intended to equate to an approximate average rental increase of less than £5 a week (or less than £22 per month) across the country. As rents in the private rented sector are generally significantly higher than those in the social rented sector, allowing a maximum rent increase of 3% for rents in the private rented sector equates to a similar average rent increase for tenants in two-bedroom properties (the most common property size in the private rented sector). There will be variation around these averages, with higher increases for three-bedroom and four-bedroom properties and lower increases for one-bedroom properties. The Scottish Government considers that this will give a measure of parity to landlords in the private and social sectors in monetary terms, while continuing to protect tenants from unaffordable rent increases during the cost crisis.

While there may be some households where even the modest rent increase allowed under the 3% cap causes an increase in financial hardship, we consider that the amended rent cap will ensure that rent increases are proportionate and therefore continue to protect households against high rent increases while the cost crisis is ongoing. The increase to the rent cap will mitigate against a disproportionate impact on private landlords who may also be experiencing increased costs due to the cost crisis, allowing them to maintain their properties and meet other expenses. We are also proposing that private landlords could, alternatively, opt to apply to Rent Service Scotland for a rent increase of up to 6% if they have had an increase in their defined, prescribed property costs within a specific period.

Many remote and rural communities in Scotland are hugely impacted by wildfire incidents, which can also cause significant environmental and economic damage. This is something the Scottish Fire and Rescue Service (SFRS) is very aware of, and it works closely with key partners, including land managers and communities, to establish a common understanding of the risks, prevention measures and response procedures. SFRS has produced a wildfire strategy with partnership at its heart, that will ensure that personnel are equipped and trained to deal with these emergency risks and that the Service’s delivery model has sufficient resilience and flexibility to support wildfire incidents occurring over extended geographies and timescales – ensuring the right resources are in in the right place at the right time to fight wildfires. This not only provides a framework for wildfire response but also a strong platform for preventative work including a joined-up approach to land management including the use of Muirburn and prescribed burning, but also wildfire mitigation in planning stages for new forest plantations.

Climate change is identified as a strategic priority in the Scottish Government’s Fire and Rescue Framework for Scotland 2022. The Framework asks SFRS to continue to invest in the provision of specialist resources, technological advancements and forward thinking operational practices to enhance its response to wildfire incidents. It states that SFRS should continue to make use of local assets available to bolster its response during prolonged or widespread incidents such as wildfire.

We are already seeing warming here in Scotland, with more extreme weather events and rising sea levels. As a nation we must adapt to these changes and prepare for the impacts of global climate change which are already locked in. The Scottish Government is responding to the full range of climate risks identified for Scotland through its 2019 Adaptation Programme, which sets out more than 170 policies and proposals to build resilience to the impacts of global climate change as part of our Just Transition to net zero emissions by 2045. We are also preparing our next Programme, in response to the most recent UK Climate Change Risk Assessment, for publication in 2024.

Scotland is a leading financial centre, second only to London in the UK. The industry sustains more than 145,000 jobs (80,000 in financial services and 65,000 in related professional services), and the sector is the biggest contributor to Scotland's economy, representing approx. £14bn or 9.6% of GVA to the UK Economy.

The Scottish Government does not hold fintech sector specific information on how many jobs have been created in each of the last 5 years. However as at December 2022 there were 211 fintech SME enterprises in Scotland compared to just 26 in 2018.

FinTech Scotland achieved the Silver level of Cluster Excellence accreditation from the European Secretariat for Cluster Analysis awarded due to the demonstrated growth and development of the cluster.

I refer the member to the answer to question S6W-15654 on 14 March 2023. All answers to written Parliamentary Questions are available on the Parliament's website, the search facility for which can be found at https://www.parliament.scot/chamber-and-committees/written-questions-and-answers

I refer the member to the answer to question S6W-15654 on 14 March 2023. All answers to written Parliamentary Questions are available on the Parliament's website, the search facility for which can be found at https://www.parliament.scot/chamber-and-committees/written-questions-and-answers

I refer the member to the answer to question S6W-15654 on14 March 2023. All answers to written Parliamentary Questions are available on the Parliament's website, the search facility for which can be found at https://www.parliament.scot/chamber-and-committees/written-questions-and-answers