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Thank you for that really important question. We must remember that everything regarding social security benefits goes through robust equality impact assessments, which consider intersectionality across the board to ensure that we get the intended outcomes.

The Social Security (Scotland) Act 2018 established a legal duty on the Scottish Government to promote take-up of devolved entitlements. Unlike the UK Government, which does not have an equivalent strategy, the Scottish Government and Social Security Scotland have made clear commitments, in our benefit take-up strategy, to support access to social security. We try to ensure that there is as much uptake as possible, and we raise awareness of people’s entitlements. That includes initiatives such as access to independent advocacy, support for disabled people, co-location of Social Security Scotland local delivery services and community spaces and targeting the marketing of devolved payments to ensure that they are accessible and available to different communities in different locations, because we know that some people will have physical barriers to getting help.

Our disability benefits were designed with our clients. That includes the adult disability payment application process, which was designed with disabled people to ensure that it is as clear and straightforward as possible. For example, no assessments for the adult disability payment are carried out by a private sector provider. Instead, consultations are delivered by Social Security Scotland when required. The consultation is an objective discussion between the client and a practitioner, and it is based on trust. It does not include a formal dehumanising functional examination in that sense.

An independent review of the adult disability payment is under way, and the final report will be published in July 2025. The chair will make recommendations for improvements to ensure that benefits continue to meet the needs of disabled people, as set out in the principles of the Social Security (Scotland) Act 2018.

We also try to make the consultation as accessible and inclusive as possible. Social Security Scotland take a multichannel approach, which includes online availability, telephone calls, web chats and face-to-face meetings to ensure that those who choose not to or cannot use digital methods can access services.

I hope that that is helpful.

Forgive me, Ms McNair—I will just touch on the food bit of your previous question. I did not hear it the first time, and it went out of my head the second time, too.

With regard to food insecurity and ending the need for food banks—which I think we all want to work towards—in June 2023, the Scottish Government published “Cash-First: Towards Ending the Need for Food Banks in Scotland” to improve the response to the crisis and reduce the need for emergency food parcels. That plan takes a human rights-based approach to food insecurity, which includes the promotion of dignity, respect and choice, human rights funding and rights-based interventions.

The Scottish Government is taking forward nine actions over three years—from 2023 to 2026—to improve the response to the crisis and reduce the need for emergency food parcels. Should the committee or Ms McNair require further details on food insecurity, I would be happy to provide it.

Would you be okay to repeat the second question, Ms McNair? That would be helpful.

Thank you for repeating that.

Eradicating child poverty in Scotland is a national mission and the First Minister’s top priority for the Government. The Scottish Government has implemented a broad range of actions to achieve its interim and final child poverty targets, which are detailed through annual progress reports published for the periods 2018-19 and 2023-24. Over that time, the Scottish Government has introduced and delivered new social security payments, including five family payments to directly tackle child poverty. Those are the Scottish child payment, the best start foods payment and the three best start grants that are paid at key stages of a child’s life.

The Scottish Government has also taken action on the drivers of poverty reduction, including by nearly doubling the funding for the 1,140 hours of early learning and childcare for all three and four-year-olds and eligible two-year-olds. We have established devolved employability services, which supported almost 28,000 parents between April 2021 and September 2024. That included help for more than 19,000 parents through our targeted parental employability support, which was delivered under the no one left behind approach, and more than 8,500 parents through the fair start Scotland service.

The equality, inclusion and human rights directorate has responsibility for overseeing the reporting on, and implementation of, the ICESCR, including cross-governmental co-ordination on that. A human rights treaty reporting, monitoring and implementation group provides co-ordination for all Scottish Government human rights treaty reporting activity, including a consistent and cross-cutting approach to the implementation of the treaty body recommendations.

An internal group of human rights bodies leads has also been co-ordinated to develop a consistent Scottish Government approach to treaty body recommendations. Alexandra Devoy can give you a more specific view of the timeline.

Absolutely. It is really useful that we are doing this. I would also open it up to other committees, because it covers a wide range of portfolios.

We are continuing to explore with stakeholders how the Scottish Government will respond publicly to the ICESCR recommendations; those conversations are taking place right now. However, I do not want to be sitting here saying that this is the most effective method of communication from our point of view. It is really important to hear from the people to whom we are accountable what the most effective way of achieving accountability is. Those conversations are taking place.

More widely, we are engaging with Scottish Parliament officials as well as stakeholder experts. We have talked about the digital tracker and we hope that it will drive implementation and improvement, scrutiny and accountability.

I would welcome more regular engagement with the committee on international human rights treaty reporting, monitoring and implementation. That can be done in many ways. I can come and speak directly to the committee, and the committee is welcome to write to me regularly for interim updates on such matters. I will welcome any other suggestions that the committee might wish to make. I would happily consider those.

We know that the committee’s role in monitoring is important. It takes a lead role, as the Parliament does, in supporting and overseeing the implementation of human rights. That has been formally recognised. Indeed, “Getting rights right: human rights and the Scottish Parliament”, which the committee published in 2018, sets out the role of the Parliament and its committee as a guarantor of human rights. I have the utmost respect for that.

The CESCR also noted the crucial role that the Parliament plays in advancing the concluding observations. I re-emphasise that I see the Scottish Parliament’s committees as playing a central role in monitoring and scrutinising the implementation of ICESCR, the concluding observations and other treaty body recommendations more widely.

I totally understand the issue. The statistics are stark, which is why we are taking a lead on the matter and, as I said, my focus on those issues is relentless. As a minister, I am mindful that my duty is to serve all the protected characteristics. As a black and minority ethnic woman, I have extra knowledge of the matter, so I assure Pam Gosal that it is definitely in my mind to be aware of the intersectionalities.

However, the same principle—that we are not one thing—applies to all protected characteristics. One day, your colour might be the most important thing; on another day, your gender might be causing the barrier; on another day, it might be your socioeconomic background or communication skills. That is where mainstreaming comes in, to ensure that we are in fact cognisant of all those different strands.

I will bring in Nick Bland to speak about the regulation on pay gap reporting. Pay gap reform is quite complicated and it might be beneficial to hear a bit more about it.

Absolutely. I hope that the toolkit and the guidance that goes with it will provide direct and practical support.

I have sympathy with the EHRC’s position. Every organisation wants to be as effective as possible. I would be very supportive if the UK Government increased the EHRC’s resources. I know that its budget has been cut substantially over the years, which is unfortunate in these challenging times, when, more than ever, we need to be leading on equality across the four nations in the UK. I would support any moves for the EHRC to have additional resources.

I am sure that the health portfolio can provide further information about hospitals in particular, but my general understanding is that the estate is moving towards single-sex provision. It is a big estate that is moving away from mixed wards towards the provision of single-sex wards. Particularly as new hospitals are built, certain buildings are moving towards the provision of single rooms in order to ensure that patients’ dignity is intact.

Thank you. As the Scottish Government, we fund a wide variety of organisations and procure the delivery of certain services from organisations. Our funding for any organisation will not necessarily be 100 per cent, because it will provide only specific services that we have commissioned. I just want to make that clear. Thank you for raising that point.